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香港房地产市场信息更新(Chinese Version Only)

2025-08

22

 我们认为当前港房行业有长期绝对收益,但是短期看相对恒指难有超额,回顾今年,市场对香港地产第一阶段rerate已经完成,整个板块虽然上涨但是也没有跑赢恒指(如果算上股息跑赢)。当前香港住宅和商业零售整体都有向好态势,但是写字楼未来两年压力预期仍较大。




  1




 香港房地产基本逻辑:利率,恒指,供需基本面


 5月以来,Hibor出现快速下滑,三个月期 Hibor从4月30日的4.08%下降至最低1.25%,截止到7月31日Hibor有小幅上行,但是仍在1.89%低位,直接导致香港H按揭利率最低低破2%(H+1.3%),而香港当前租金仍在年年上涨,且Q3是开学租房旺季,中原租金回报率达到3.48%,已经远远高于当前的按揭利率。


 Hibor显著低于同期美元基准利率超200bp的情况大概率是个短期事件,核心的逻辑是港股上涨南下流入+IPO火爆+市场对美元进一步贬值的担忧导致当前港币需求过大带来短期Hibor暴跌,这些逻辑并不具备可持续性,上一轮周期中,23年一季度联储利率高于Hibor200个基点以上的水平,当时也是港股大涨,底部持续3个月,一直到八月份才回到正常水平。


 中长期看,由于美国总统特朗普上台+降息周期开启,我们对美元偏弱的逻辑没有改变。港股上涨的趋势可能今年下半年也不会短期证伪,IPO方面下半年预期仍有大量项目排队上市,在这种宏观背景下,有理由相信hibor或许会比23年头更长时间处于相对低位,26年练出明确开始降息周期后,逾期会推动hibor进一步下跌,从而维持3%左右,难以回到4%,在这种背景下,香港地产有望获得绝对收益。


 上一次hibor在2%水平是22年上半年,当时有疫情,考虑受疫情影响最小的类债资产领展,当时的股价仍比较现在又20%的upside,股息率5.8%左右。目前行业的平均股息收益率为 5.1%。从收益率与美国 10 年期国债收益率之差来看,该行业的交易价格比历史平均水平低 0.5 个标准差,整体估值相对不算便宜,但是如果市场能存在hibor稳定下半年都在2%左右的预期,我们认为港房股仍可上看最多20%的upside。


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 数据来源:Wind     截止日期:2025年7月31日


 数据来源:JP Morgan,Bloomberg  截止日期:2025年7月31日




 2


 行业基本面:住宅>商业>商写


 住宅方面,中原房价指数5月以来已经稳住,5-6月已经月度上涨1%。但是现在还是没有实际基本面反转,因为目前大量新盘还是在“打折出售”以价换量仍是开发商的主流做法(如屯门的嘉里地产的新盘,比同区二手房低10%均价卖,可以实现秒空),但是可以看到买房子情绪好了很多,整体中介反映带看量是有底部回暖的趋势。


 量上看今年截止到7月31日,新房已经成交8400套,考虑到Q3是成交旺季,预期全年成交在1.7-1.8万套,同比去年是10%的增长,而房屋注册署显示当前可售库存在2万8千套左右,对应当前去化周期约为15个月,而香港一般历史上房价牛市时期预期去化周期在10-12个月左右,因此当前库存还是有一定压力。


 经济方面,金融+保险的复苏已经出现了一些财富效应,其他实业还是在香港收缩状态,尤其是零售和餐饮以及地产,虽然比去年有好转(5月零售回复正增),但是比疫情前仍有较大跌幅,整个地产行业目前仍是缩表和降本增效为主,当前在建库存已经跌至10年以来低位。


 综合来看,住宅方面,香港房价预期今年下半年会稳住,并开始实现温和上涨,如果明年联储明确开始降息,hibor以及中长期hibor预期在3%或者更低,香港房地产价量底部都会站的很“稳”,港房的大周期已经向上,明年可以预期5%+的涨幅。



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 数据来源:中原地产(香港),香港房屋署   截止日期:2025年7月31日



241.png


 数据来源:wind   截止日期:2025年7月31日


 商业方面,香港大面的零售数据已经回复同比正增,港人北上趋势有所缓解(出境香港居民同比去年提高5%,内地商场交叉验证也认为港客人流占比同比去年降低5%)。


 必需消费品表现最好,奢侈品和珠宝等可选消费年初至今仍然-10%以上跌幅,高端商场调研除了置地广场有底单个位数同比正增(主要是金融带来的财富效应)其余如海港城等目前人流销售额预期今年仍会下滑,今年考虑到汇率,香港购买奢侈品的折扣相对于中国内地折价约为6%,日本和欧洲的折扣高达15-20%,因此香港的奢侈品目前仍疲弱,且K11当前所有的商铺都“on sale”短期对核心地段的租金也有较大冲击。


 结论是,当前基础商业如领展的底层资产可以预期租金25-26年实现1-2%上涨,高端奢侈品商场预期减租空置今年仍会存在。



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243.png


 数据来源:JP Morgan   截止日期:2025年7月31日


 写字楼方面,去年整体香港写字楼租金砍租15%,空置率16%-17%,而今年供给仍在增加100万平方尺。根据差响物业署公布的租金均值,当前中环甲级写字楼平均月租878港币,比2020年高峰1200港币下跌仍超过30%,之前火爆的欣慰jane street租恒基的大厦实际上也是折价,每平方呎每月137港元,实际上还包含了物业费和一部分装修费用,和平均尺价只有120不到,而且锁定五年,基本也就是中环的平均水平。香港写字楼的压力预期至少会持续到2027年,25年租金仍预期会有5%以上下滑。


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